Single Electron Tunneling Devices Using Small Metal Nanoparticles

From the discovery of a Coulomb staircase through the double tunnel junction, metal nanoparticles have also attracted much attention as a potential for single electron tunneling devices. Recent synthetic developments in the fabrication of highly monodisperse metal nanoparticles allow us to study not only the properties of the individual nanoparticles, but also the collective effects of the 2D and 3D superlattices of metal nanoparticles on their physical properties. The in-plane electron transport characteristics of metal nanoparticle 2D superlattices are strongly affected by the following three types of disorder: global structural disorder in the array topology, local structural disorder in the interparticle couplings, and local charge disorder, due to random immobile charges in the underlying substrate. In order to minimize an unpredictable disorder effect, the fabrication of well-ordered metal nanoparticle 2D superlattices is of great importance. For the development of practical nanoelectronic devices based on the single electron tunneling effect at room temperature, it is indispensable to reveal the electron transport properties of well-ordered 2D superlattices of small (< 2 nm) nanoparticles, which are expected to show the Coulomb-blockade phenomenon at room temperature.

Precise Size Control of Alkanethiol-Protected Au Nanoparticles



TEM images of (a) 3.4}0.3 nm C12S-Au, (b) 5.4}0.7 nm C12S-Au, (c) 6.8}0.5 nm C12S-Au,
and (d) 9.7}0.9 nm C18S-Au nanoparticles obtained by annealing 1.5 nm Au nanoparticles.

[Ref.] Adv. Mater. 2001, 13, 1699.; J. Phys. Chem. B 2003, 107, 2719.


Various Symmetric Nanoparticle Superlattices using Interligand Interactions or Templates



TEM images of self-assembled Au nanoparticles with various symmetries
((a) hexagonal, (b) cubic, (c) quasi-honeycomb ,(d) one-dimensional chain, (e) networkj

[Ref.] JACS 2002, 124, 4210.; JACS 2003, 125, 6368.; JACS 2003, 125, 8708.; Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn. 2004, 77, 1589.


Long-Range Ordering of Small Au Nanoparticles



Formation of long-range ordered small Au nanoparticles protected by
2,6-bis(1'-(n-thioalkyl)-benzimidazol-2-yl)pyridine (TCnBIP) (n = 3, 6, 8, 10, 12) using interligand π-π interaction.

[Ref.] JACS 2000, 122, 4237.; JACS 2006, 128, 13084.


Electronic Properties of Single Au Nanoparticle
[Collaborator] Prof. Yutaka Majima Lab. at Tokyo Institute of Technology



STS mesurements of CnS-Au single nanoparticle.

[Ref.] Phys. Rev. B 2005, 72, 205441.







AFS results of 3.3}0.6 nm C10S-Au single nanoparticle.
It was demonstrated that the quantized number of electrons was confined in a single nanoparticle.

[Ref.] Phys. Rev. Lett. 2006, 96, 016108.







Coulomb blockade shuttle using 3.4}0.4 nm C8S-Au nanoparticles.
The quantized number of electrons were transported from one electron to another one via a single Au nanoparticle.

[Ref.] Appl. Phys. Rev. 2007, 91, 053120.


Synthesis of Au Nanoparticles Protected by Macrocyclic π-Conjugated Ligand





(upper) Schematic illustrations and (lower) UV-vis spectral change of porphyrin-derivatives-protected Au nanoparticles.
Molar absorption coefficients of Soret bands for porphyrins were decreased by 1/5~1/15 by coodinating on Au nanoparticles.

[Ref.] J. Photopoly. Sci. Technol. 2007, 20, 133.; Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2008, 47, 307.